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Die deutschsprachige Literatur zu e-Democracy und generell zu Wahlen kennt Wahlbetrug und insbesondere organisierten Wahlbetrug nur aus anderen Kontinenten; in Kontinentaleuropa sind es in der Eigenwahrnehmung stets Einzelfälle, bspw. der Bürgermeister aus Unterrabnitz-Schwendgraben, der bei den letzten burgenländischen Landtagswahlen bundesweite Bekanntheit erreichte. Im UK hingegen gibt es seit über 10 Jahren eine Häufung von derartigen Fällen, meist innerhalb geschlossener Gemeinden, die auch zu einer entsprechenden Rechtsprechung, Polizeimaßnahmen und einer adäquaten wissenschaftlichen Aufarbeitung führte. In den letzten Wochen wurde der Fall einer – noch nicht strafrechtlich verurteilten – Lokalpolitikerin bekannt, der dazu führte, dass die Stadtrats- und Bürgermeisterwahl in Geiselhöring vom 16. März 2014 für ungültig erklärt wurde und nun im Februar 2015 wiederholt wird. Organisierter Wahlbetrug passt nicht zum Selbstbild von Österreich und Deutschland – es ist an der Zeit, einzusehen, dass Distanzwahlverfahren generell dieses Problem in sich tragen. Beim e-Voting ist es bekannt und wird diskutiert, bei der Briefwahl bislang nicht. Die hier aufgezeigten Mechanismen, insbesondere die im Fall Geiselhöring angewandten, haben unmittelbare Auswirkung auf unsere etablierten und für sicher angesehenen Briefwahlverfahren. Der Beitrag analysiert die tw. bereits bekannten Schwächen der Briefwahl und anderer Distanzwahlverfahren und belegt die mögliche Wirkung von organisiertem Wahlbetrug. Lösungsansätze werden aufgezeigt.
Sensor networks have become ubiquitous in all types of machinery and infrastructure. These sensor networks are/will be extensively used in the Smart City, which includes public as well as private sensor networks the latter being a much-neglected source of information feed for a smart city administration (Komninos, 2014). This can include vehicle (from eScooter to mini-van) sharing data, park house data, etc. However, the city’s backbone IT infrastructure must be able to accept and process this data and to draw the right conclusions from them. The backbone of this IT infrastructure will for all practical purposes be an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System as it is already standard in the private sector (for an example, Müller-Török et al., 2019). This contribution analyzes the integration of sensor networks into ERP systems in the Smart City. It will also analyze the implications of this development for public sector education.
This book is the merger and continuation of two successful textbooks, (i) Integration Management with SAP ECC® covering operational processes in sales, cost accounting, materials management and procurement, SOP, MRP, production order execution and project management in manufacturing as well as (ii) Data Warehouse Management with SAP BW® covering the design and implementation of analytics systems based on aggregate structures and “data cubes”.
In-memory computing, however, has accelerated database systems to such an extent that analytics does not have to be based on aggregate data cubes any more. Rather, it can be based on the original transaction data and can hence be seamlessly integrated into operational systems in (near) real time. This opens a completely new avenue of business computing by integrating artificial intelligence, machine learning and advanced analytics into transactional data processing.
This book leverages SAP Hana® data analytics to enhance the operational case study – the manufacture of umbrellas. The case is developed step by step, whereby students build the case virtually from scratch, each working in his/her own manufacturing plant. The case study implementation is supported by a host of interactive materials and web trainers at https://www.wu.ac.at/erp/.
Citizens’ participation became quite common in municipal settings in Germany in the recent years. If the registration and identification methods used are examined, nearly each participation process relies on the possession of a simple email-address as a sole requirement. More secure methods, like introduced by the eIDAS-regulation and the Revised Payment Services Directive (PSD2) and hence commonly available, are totally neglected. The paper analyzes different types of citizens’ participation, derives the theoretical minimum requirements for proof of the identity of the participants and provides insights collected from interviews with organizers of participation processes. It concludes with recommendations which will hopefully lead to a more sustainable and resilient e-participation for the future.
e-Government in Germany is usually not ranked top of the class in Europe. Rankings, such as the EU eGovernment Benchmark 2022, UN E-Government Development Index and others show that Germany is rather poorly ranked among the developed nations of the world. The authors assume that there is a correlation between the quality of Public Sector Education regarding digital competences and the quality of e-Government the so digitally educated civil servants can deliver. Civil servants in Germany usually graduate from one of the approximately 20 main universities of public administration; hence, an overview of the digital competences taught there is the core of this article. The main result is that both the quantity and the quality of digital competences taught need to be improved and, in the worst case depend on the university chosen, even zero digital competences are taught to the future civil servants.
COVID-19 accelerated the drive towards distance learning, typically supported by web-based eLearning resources. There are also studies reviewing the transition to such as teaching style, whether in conjunction with traditional classroom teaching or as a supplement. This paper will focus on ERP-based teaching within a larger program to establish tertiary distance education in eGovernment in Germany (“eGov Campus”). It attempts to structure the topic and to advance some hypotheses that will be empirically tested against real-world data and experience from introducing this style of teaching in the eGov Campus.
Die Briefwahl ist bequem, einfach – und gefährlich. Ihr
kommt insbesondere unter Pandemiebedingungen eine
nicht mehr zu unterschätzende praktische Bedeutung für
die Ausübung des Wahlrechts zu. Dieser Beitrag will aus-
gehend von den verfassungsgerichtlichen Vorgaben die
im Eingangssatz behauptete Gefährlichkeit – jedenfalls
der derzeitigen rechtlichen Ausgestaltung und tatsächli-
chen Handhabung – erläutern und risikoreduzierende
Lösungsvorschläge diskutieren.
This publication advances some refutable hypothesis concerning user behaviour and learning success in eLearning systems using system simulations. A simulation in this context is strongly interactive HTML 5 content giving users an almost real-life experience of working with an application system, here an ERP system. Simulations can be enriched with addition information, data and process models, user guidance, or business content. This type of content is distinctly different from traditional eLearning content focusing on presentational content and teamwork or quizzes to check progress. To test the hypotheses the paper explores metrics provided by a typical eLearning platform and in how far the metrics can be used to test the hypotheses.
In 2021/2022 a consortium of European universities delivered a scientific basis for a policy fighting fake news and hate speech with support of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe, describing also the technical and legal basics of both phenomena. In this context a survey was performed with the delegates of the Congress and the book, which contained also the survey results, was presented to the Congress in its Spring Session 2022. In 2023 a broader survey was done in a selection of countries, which also returned 675 filled-in questionnaires from Romania. The part of the questionnaire dealing with possible remedies contained questions which remedies are considered technically and legally feasible by the participants.Confirming the results of the survey in 2021/2022 the results for Romania showed a severe lack of basic knowledge about how the internet works and its governance. In this paper we want to show the results for Romania in detail, discuss them and suggest possible training measures which seem necessary to make the local and regional politics and administration fit for the Digitalization.The analysis of data from other European countries showed that this phenomenon is not restricted to Romania but is widely recognizable all over Europe. It also confirms the results from the survey among the Congress delegates. Therefore, this paper may be based on the Romanian dataset, however it signifies a pan-European issue.The authors are grateful to Vice Dean Nicolae Urs (Babeș-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca) and Catalin Vrabie (National University of Political Studies and Public Administration) for their support in spreading the survey among Romanian municipalities.